Patet igitur quod principium quodam modo in plus habet se quam causa; et causa in plus quam elementum. 47. He was a prolific writer who wrote roughly 2,000 treatises in multiple branches of theology, including textual criticism, biblical exegesis and biblical hermeneutics, homiletics, and spirituality. Aliquando enim ea quae conveniunt secundum analogiam, id est in proportione vel comparatione vel convenientia, attribuuntur uni fini, sicut patet in praedicto exemplo; aliquando uni agenti, sicut medicus dicitur et de eo qui operatur per artem et de eo qui operatur sine arte, ut vetula, et etiam de instrumentis, sed per attributionem ad unum agens, quod est medicina; aliquando autem per attributionem ad unum subiectum, sicut ens dicitur de substantia, de qualitate et quantitate et aliis praedicamentis. But the end is twofold: the end of generation and the end of the thing generated, as is plain in the generation of a knife. Causa per se dicitur causa alicuius rei inquantum huiusmodi, sicut aedificator est causa domus, et lignum materia scamni. 42.
Tam illud quod est in potentia ad esse substantiale, quam illud quod est in potentia ad esse accidentale, potest dici materia, sicut sperma hominis, et homo albedinis. 7. Et sciendum, quod omne agens tam naturale quam voluntarium intendit finem, non tamen sequitur quod omne agens cognoscat finem, vel deliberet de fine. He was. Et sciendum, quod cum generatio sit ex non esse, non dicimus quod negatio sit principium, sed privatio, quia negatio non determinat sibi subiectum.
A cause in potency is one which, although it does not cause a thing in act, can, nevertheless, cause it; as a builder when he is not building. In order that there be generation three things are required: 9. Elementum vero non dicitur proprie nisi de causis ex quibus est compositio rei, quae proprie sunt materiales. According to the explanation of Ibn-Sīnā, that can be called a simple cause also which is a cause without the addition of another; for example bronze is the cause of the statue without the addition of another matter because the statue is made of bronze; and we say that the doctor causes health or that fire heats. Materia enim et forma et privatio, sive potentia et actus, sunt principia substantiae et aliorum generum. But, because every cause, as cause, is naturally.
Physic., ponit quatuor causas et tria principia. Tamen materia substantiae et quantitatis, et similiter forma et privatio differunt genere, sed conveniunt solum secundum proportionem in hoc quod, sicut se habet materia substantiae ad substantiam in ratione materiae, ita se habet materia quantitatis ad quantitatem. 2. Materia enim dicitur causa formae, inquantum forma non est nisi in materia; et similiter forma est causa materiae, inquantum materia non habet esse in actu nisi per formam. Goodreads helps you keep track of books you want to read. Origen Resources OnLine & in Print. Et sciendum quod licet materia non habeat in sua natura aliquam formam vel privationem, sicut in ratione aeris neque est figuratum neque infiguratum; tamen nunquam denudatur a forma et privatione: quandoque enim est sub una forma, quandoque sub alia. We should notice, too, that some matter has a composition of form, for example bronze.
Unde, licet privatio sit principium per accidens, non sequitur quod non sit necessarium ad generationem, quia materia a privatione non denudatur; inquantum enim est sub una forma, habet privationem alterius, et e converso, sicut in igne est privatio aeris, et in aere privatio ignis. Further, there is one cause which is a.
Sometimes they are attributed to one agent, as medical is said of one who acts with art, of one who acts without art, as a midwife, and even of the instruments; but it is said of all by attribution to one agent which is medicine. 41. 4. Sed cum efficiente non incidit in idem numero, sed in idem specie. Et quia forma facit esse in actu, ideo forma dicitur esse actus.
Eorum igitur quae sunt idem numero, forma et materia sunt idem numero, ut Tullii et Ciceronis. Likewise, the matter and form of those things which are generically the same, as the soul and body of an ass and a horse differ specifically but are the same generically; likewise, the principles of those things which agree only analogically or proportionally are the same only analogically or proportionally, because matter, form and privation or potency and act are the principles of substance and of the other genera. Sciendum est etiam quod possibile est ut aliquid idem sit causa et causatum respectu eiusdem, sed diversimode: ut deambulatio est causa sanitatis ut efficiens, sed sanitas est causa deambulationis ut finis: deambulatio enim est aliquando propter sanitatem. Privatio autem non nominatur inter causas, quia est principium per accidens, ut dictum est. There is a twofold corruption opposed to this twofold generation: Ad hoc ergo quod sit generatio, tria requiruntur: scilicet ens potentia, quod est materia; et non esse actu, quod est privatio; et id per quod fit actu, scilicet forma. CHAP. Origen of Alexandria (c. 184 – c. 253), also known as Origen Adamantius, was an early Christian scholar, ascetic, and theologian who was born and spent the first half of his career in Alexandria.
Et ponit exemplum Avicenna de citharaedo quem non oportet de qualibet percussione chordarum deliberare, cum percussiones sint determinatae apud ipsum; alioquin esset inter percussiones mora, quod esset absonum. Sed privatio non dicitur nisi de determinato subiecto, in quo scilicet natus est fieri habitus; sicut caecitas non dicitur nisi de his quae sunt nata videre. Hence Aristotle says, in the fifth book of the. Sed in agentibus naturalibus sunt actiones determinatae: unde non est necessarium eligere ea quae sunt ad finem. Again, some causes are in act, others are in potency. Unde dicitur quod finis est causa causarum, quia est causa causalitatis in omnibus causis. Omnes enim formae artificiales sunt accidentales. Licet autem principium et causa dicantur convertibiliter, ut dicitur in quinto Metaph., tamen Aristoteles in Lib. TRANSLATED FROM THE LATIN OF RUFINUS. Item, proprie loquendo, quod est in potentia ad esse accidentale dicitur subiectum, quod vero est in potentia ad esse substantiale, dicitur proprie materia. Et hoc est quod dicit Commentator in quinto Metaph. Note, also, that prime matter, and likewise form, is neither generated nor corrupted, because every generation goes from something to something. 18. 30.
Necessitas quidem absoluta est quae procedit a causis prioribus in viam generationis, quae sunt materia et efficiens: sicut necessitas mortis quae provenit ex materia et ex dispositione contrariorum componentium; et haec dicitur absoluta quia non habet impedimentum. Quod autem facit actu esse substantiale, est forma substantialis, et quod facit actu esse accidentale, dicitur forma accidentalis. Sed licet principia ponat Aristoteles pro causis intrinsecis in primo Physic., tamen, ut dicitur in undecimo Metaph., principium dicitur proprie de causis extrinsecis, elementum de causis quae sunt partes rei, idest de causis intrinsecis, causa dicitur de utrisque. He was a prolific writer who wrote roughly 2,000 treatises in multiple branches of theology, including textual criticism, biblical exegesis and biblical hermeneutics, homiletics, and spirituality. Unde, simpliciter loquendo, forma dat esse materiae, sed subiectum accidenti, licet aliquando unum sumatur pro altero scilicet materia pro subiecto, et e converso. 36. Sciendum autem quod finis incidit cum forma in idem numero, quia illud idem in numero quod est forma generati est finis generationis. by Gemma, Frisius, 1508-1555. When we say that there are four causes we mean the. Sciendum est etiam, quod materia prima dicitur una numero in omnibus. Again, we should notice that, although every agent, both natural and voluntary, intends an. For example we say that the proximate form of man is his definition, namely, rational animal; but animal is more remote and substance is still more remote.
It was written around 1233. Quando enim introducitur forma substantialis, dicitur aliquid fieri simpliciter. 11.
From this it is plain, therefore, that there are three principles of nature: matter, form and privation. Therefore, now that we have seen that there are four causes, the efficient, formal, material and final, we must note that any of these causes can be spoken of in many ways. But privation is a principle in. This is also called. Dicitur enim aliquid prius altero generatione et tempore, et iterum in substantia et complemento.
Sicut tamen substantia est causa ceterorum, ita principia substantiae sunt principia omnium aliorum. Causa autem in potentia est quae licet non causet rem in actu, tamen potest causare: ut aedificator, dum non aedificat.
Something is in potency to be man, as sperm or the ovum, and something is in potency to be white, as man. All superiors are forms of the inferiors. Et quia omnis definitio et omnis cognitio est per formam, ideo materia prima per se non potest cognosci vel definiri sed per comparationem ut dicatur quod illud est materia prima, quod hoc modo se habet ad omnes formas et privationes sicut aes ad idolum et infiguratum. Et ideo ens non est genus substantiae et quantitatis, quia nullum genus praedicatur per prius et posterius de suis speciebus, sed praedicatur analogice. Si enim est aedificator in actu, oportet quod aedificet; et si sit aedificatio in actu, oportet quod sit aedificator in actu.
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